涓�銆佹湁璀夋浉(sh奴)锛坈ertificate锛夌殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)灏辨槸鏈夎瓑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛圕RM锛夊棊?
鍥炵瓟閫欏��(g猫)鍟�(w猫n)椤岋紝棣栧厛瑕佺悊瑙ｂ�滄湁璀夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛坈ertified reference material锛夆�濈殑鍚京銆傛湁璀夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鏄寚鈥滈檮鏈夌敱娆�(qu谩n)濞佹(j墨)妲�(g貌u)鐧�(f膩)甯冪殑鏂囦欢锛屾彁渚涗娇鐢ㄦ湁鏁堢▼搴忕嵅寰楃殑鍏锋湁涓嶇⒑瀹氬害鍜屾函婧愭�х殑涓�鍊�(g猫)鎴栧鍊�(g猫)鐗规�у�肩殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)[1]鈥濄�傚洜姝わ紝鏈夎瓑鏇�(sh奴)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)涓嶄竴瀹氬氨鏄湁璀夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛).鏈夎瓑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鎳�(y墨ng)鍏锋湁浠ヤ笅鍩烘湰鐗瑰緛锛� 锛�1锛� 婧簮鎬у拰涓嶇⒑瀹氬害鑱叉槑锛� 锛�2锛夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勫埗鍌欍�佸畾鍊煎強瑾�(r猫n)瀹氱鍚堢敱ISO鎸囧崡34鍜屾寚鍗�35绲﹀嚭鐨勬湁鏁堢▼搴忥紝鎴戝湅(gu贸)宸插皣涓婅堪鎸囧崡绛夋晥杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤JJF1342銆婃(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐮斿埗锛堢敓鐢�(ch菐n)锛夋(j墨)妲�(g貌u)閫氱敤瑕佹眰銆嬪拰JJF1343銆婃(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)瀹氬�肩殑閫氱敤鍘熷墖鍙婄当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)瀛�(xu茅)鍘熺悊銆嬶紝鎴愮偤鍦�(gu贸)瀹舵(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勮⿻(p铆ng)瀵┿�佺櫦(f膩)甯冪殑鎶�琛�(sh霉)渚濇摎(j霉)銆�
浜屻�侀伕鎿囥�佽臣(g貌u)璨峰拰椹�(y脿n)鏀舵(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)鑰冩叜鍝簺瑕佺礌锛�
鐢ㄦ埗鍦ㄩ伕鎿囥�佽臣(g貌u)璨锋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鏅�(sh铆)锛屾噳(y墨ng)鑰冩叜浠ヤ笅瑕佺礌锛� 锛�1锛夌壒鎬ч噺鐨勭ó椤炲強瀹氬�兼柟娉曪細鏌愪簺妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍙兘鍙仼鐢ㄦ煇涓�鐗瑰畾鏂规硶鎴�?q奴)顥戝厱I(l菒ng)鍩熺殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢紝鏌愪簺妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勫�兼湁鐗规畩瑕�(gu墨)瀹氾紝濡傚惈绲�(ji茅)鏅舵按鐨勫�硷紝鎳�(y墨ng)灏�(du矛)璀夋浉(sh奴)涓┎椤炶(shu艒)鏄庡姞浠ユ敞鎰忥紝闃叉瑾ら伕瑾ょ敤銆� 锛�2锛夌壒鎬ч噺姘村钩锛氭(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勭壒鎬ч噺姘村钩鎳�(y墨ng)鑸囨棩甯告脯(c猫)閲忔ǎ鍝佺殑姘村钩鍖归厤銆� 锛�3锛夊彲鎺ュ彈鐨勪笉纰哄畾搴︽按骞筹細妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐗规�ч噺鐨勭浉闂�(gu膩n)涓嶇⒑瀹氬害姘村钩鎳�(y墨ng)鑸囨棩甯告脯(c猫)閲忎腑鐨勭簿瀵嗗害鍜屾纰哄害闄愬害瑕佹眰鍖归厤銆� 锛�4锛夊熀楂斿強鍙兘鐨勫共鎿撅細妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢ㄤ簬闁�(k膩i)灞曟柟娉曠⒑瑾�(r猫n)銆佽唱(zh矛)閲忔帶鍒朵互鍙婁竴浜涘熀楂旀晥鎳�(y墨ng)杓冪偤鍤�(y谩n)閲嶇殑娓�(c猫)閲忔柟娉曠殑鏍℃簴(zh菙n)鏅�(sh铆)锛屽熀楂旀噳(y墨ng)鑸囨棩甯告脯(c猫)閲忔ǎ鍝佸熀楂旂洝鍙兘鎺ヨ繎銆� 锛�5锛夊舰寮忥細妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍙埗鍌欐垚涓嶅悓鐨勫舰寮忥紝濡傚噸骞茶垏鍐板噸妯ｅ搧锛屽埗鍌欐柟寮忕殑涓嶅悓鍙兘鏈�(hu矛)灏�(d菐o)鑷寸浉鍚岀壒鎬у湪妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鑸囩湡瀵�(sh铆)妯ｅ搧涓殑琛岀偤宸暟锛屽緸鑰岀敘(ch菐n)鐢熶簰鎻涙�у晱(w猫n)椤岋紝閬歌臣(g貌u)鍓嶆噳(y墨ng)鍏呭垎瑾�(di脿o)鐮斻�� 锛�6锛夋渶灏忓彇妯ｉ噺锛氬彧瑕佹(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)璀夋浉(sh奴)涓(gu墨)瀹氫簡鏈�灏忓彇妯ｉ噺锛岀敤浜庢脯(c猫)閲忕殑鍙栨ǎ閲忔噳(y墨ng)涓嶅皬浜庤┎鏈�灏忓彇妯ｉ噺锛屽洜姝ら伕璩�(g貌u)鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)鑰冩叜鏈�灏忓彇妯ｉ噺鏄惁鑳芥豢瓒虫脯(c猫)閲忔柟娉曡姹傘�� 锛�7锛夌敤閲忥細妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勮臣(g貌u)璨风敤閲忔噳(y墨ng)瓒充互婊胯冻鏁村��(g猫)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瑷�(j矛)鍔冧腑鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢紝鍖呮嫭鏍规摎(j霉)闇�瑕佽�冩叜鐨勫倷妯ｃ�� 锛�8锛夌┅(w臎n)瀹氭�э細閬歌臣(g貌u)鍓嶆噳(y墨ng)纰鸿獚(r猫n)鎵�璩�(g貌u)璨锋壒娆℃(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬湁鏁堟湡闄愶紝閬垮厤浣跨敤鏅�(sh铆)鐧�(f膩)鐢熼亷(gu貌)鏈熺殑鎯呮硜銆� 灏�(du矛)浜庤臣(g貌u)璨峰埌鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛屽湪鏀跺埌鍚庢噳(y墨ng)棣栧厛灏�(du矛)鐓ц瓑鏇�(sh奴)纰鸿獚(r猫n)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勯亱(y霉n)杓告浠剁鍚堣姹傦紝鐒跺悗鏍稿皪(du矛)鍝佺ó銆佹暩(sh霉)閲忕瓑鏄惁鑸囪臣(g貌u)璨疯姹備竴鑷达紱鍖呰銆佸瑙�鏄惁姝ｅ父锛屾(bi膩o)璀�(sh铆)鏄惁娓呮櫚銆佸畬鏁达紱鏈夌劇(w煤)璀夋浉(sh奴)锛涙槸鍚﹀湪璀夋浉(sh奴)鑱叉槑鐨勬湁鏁堟湡鍏�(n猫i)绛夛紝鏍稿皪(du矛)瀹岀暍鍚庯紝绔嬪嵆鎸夌収璀夋浉(sh奴)涓(gu墨)瀹氱殑淇濆瓨姊濅欢閫�(j矛n)琛屼繚瀛樸�傚鏈夊晱(w猫n)椤岋紝鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婃檪(sh铆)鑸囩爺鍒舵垨鐧�(f膩)鍞柈浣嶈伅(li谩n)绯汇��
涓夈�佹湁璀夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍜屽叾瀹冩(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄤ笂鏈変粈涔堝崁(q奴)鍒ワ紵
棣栧厛鎳�(y墨ng)鏄庣⒑锛屽彧鏈夋湁璀夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鎻愪緵鐨勮獚(r猫n)瀹氬�兼垨妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍊兼墠鑳藉鐢ㄤ簬鏍℃簴(zh菙n)銆佺偤鍏朵粬鐗╄唱(zh矛)璩﹀�间互鍙婃脯(c猫)閲忔纰哄害纰鸿獚(r猫n)锛屽苟閫氶亷(gu貌)鍏朵娇鐢ㄤ締(l谩i)鑱叉槑娓�(c猫)閲忕祼(ji茅)鏋滅殑瑷�(j矛)閲忓(xu茅)婧簮鎬с�� 鍦ㄦ垜鍊戠殑鏃ュ父娓�(c猫)閲忎腑锛岄倓鏈�(hu矛)浣跨敤鍏跺畠椤炲瀷鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛屽畠鍊戜富瑕佺敤浜庨枊(k膩i)灞曟脯(c猫)閲忚唱(zh矛)閲忔帶鍒躲�佹脯(c猫)閲忕簿瀵嗗害纰鸿獚(r猫n)绛夈�傛湁鏅�(sh铆)锛屽湪缂哄皯鏈夎瓑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬儏娉侊紝涔熶笉寰椾笉浣跨敤閫欎簺妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)渚�(l谩i)闁�(k膩i)灞曟牎婧�(zh菙n)绛夋椿鍕�(d貌ng)锛屼絾鏄噳(y墨ng)閫�(j矛n)涓�姝ヨ⿻(p铆ng)浼伴�欎簺妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鏄惁绗﹀悎鏈夎瓑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勭壒寰侊紝鎴栨函婧愭�у拰閲忓�间笉纰哄畾搴︽按骞宠兘澶犲厖鍒嗘豢瓒虫脯(c猫)閲忕祼(ji茅)鏋滄函婧愭�у拰婧�(zh菙n)纰哄害瑕佹眰銆�
鍥涖�佹湁璀夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勫弮鑰冨�兼垨淇℃伅鍊兼�庝箞鐢紵
鏈夎瓑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勮瓑鏇�(sh奴)涓紝鏈夋檪(sh铆)鏈�(hu矛)鎻愪緵涓�浜涢澶栫殑鍙冭�冨�兼垨淇℃伅鍊硷紝閫欎簺鍊奸�氬父缂哄皯鏄庣⒑鐨勮▓(j矛)閲忓(xu茅)婧簮鎬э紝缂哄皯涓嶇⒑瀹氬害淇℃伅鎴栦笉纰哄畾搴﹁⿻(p铆ng)浼颁笉鍏ㄩ潰锛屽洜姝ゅ畠鍊戠殑涓昏鐢ㄩ�旀槸骞姪鐢ㄦ埗浜嗚В妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍩洪珨绲勬垚锛屽垽鏂锋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勯仼鐢ㄦ�э紝鎴栬鍙潬绋嬪害鐢ㄤ簬闁�(k膩i)灞曟脯(c猫)閲忚唱(zh矛)閲忔帶鍒躲��
浜斻�佹(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)涓�瀹氳鍦ㄦ湁鏁堟湡鍏�(n猫i)浣跨敤鍡庯紵
妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬湁鏁堟湡鏄爺鍒跺柈浣嶆牴鎿�(j霉)绌�(w臎n)瀹氭�х爺绌舵暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)锛岀偤浜嗙⒑淇濇(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)閲忓�煎強涓嶇⒑瀹氬害鐨勫彲闈犳�ц�岀⒑瀹氱殑锛屽洜姝わ紝鍕�(w霉)蹇呭湪鏈夋晥鏈熷収(n猫i)浣跨敤銆傚埌鏈熷悗鏈娇鐢ㄧ殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)涔熻ū浠嶈垔绌�(w臎n)瀹氾紝灏�(du矛)浜庝竴浜涙壒閲忚純澶с�佺┅(w臎n)瀹氭�у懆鏈熻純闀�(zh菐ng)锛堝浜斿勾锛夌殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛岀爺鍒跺柈浣嶆湁鏅�(sh铆)鏈�(hu矛)鎻愪緵寤堕暦(zh菐ng)鏈夋晥鏈熺殑鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛屼絾鏄湪妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勭┅(w臎n)瀹氭�х劇(w煤)娉曞緱鍒扮爺鍒跺柈浣嶄繚璀夌殑鎯呮硜涓嬶紝鐢ㄦ埗濡傛灉绻肩簩(x霉)浣跨敤瑭叉(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛岄渶鑷鎵挎摂(d膩n)璨�(z茅)浠汇��
鍏�佹(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬渶灏忓彇妯ｉ噺鏈変粈涔堟剰缇╋紵
妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬渶灏忓彇妯ｉ噺鏄湪鍧囧嫽鎬х爺绌朵腑瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑銆備娇鐢ㄦ(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鏅�(sh铆)鐨勫(sh铆)闅涘彇妯ｉ噺鎳�(y墨ng)涓嶄綆浜庢(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬渶灏忓彇妯ｉ噺锛岀暥(d膩ng)灏忎簬妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬渶灏忓彇妯ｉ噺浣跨敤鏅�(sh铆)锛岃瓑鏇�(sh奴)涓伈鏄庣殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐗规�ч噺鍊煎拰涓嶇⒑瀹氬害绛夊弮鏁�(sh霉)鍙兘鏈�(hu矛)鐢变簬妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勪笉鍧囧嫽鎬ц�屼笉鍐嶆湁鏁堛��
涓冦�佹(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬脯(c猫)閲忓�间竴瀹氳鍦ㄤ笉纰哄畾搴︿箣鍏�(n猫i)鍡庯紵
濡傛灉瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ皪(du矛)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬脯(c猫)閲忓�艰秴鍑轰簡妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐗规�ч噺鍊肩殑涓嶇⒑瀹氬害鑼冨湇锛屾槸涓嶈兘鐩存帴寰楀嚭娓�(c猫)閲忕祼(ji茅)鏋滃瓨鍦ㄥ亸宸殑绲�(ji茅)璜栫殑锛屽師鍥犳槸妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勪笉纰哄畾搴妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍍呭寘鎷簡鑸囨(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)瀹氬�笺�佸潎鍕绘�с�佺┅(w臎n)瀹氭�ф湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勪笉纰哄畾搴︼紝娌�(m茅i)鏈夋秹鍙婄敤鎴跺湪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ら噷灏�(du矛)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)閫�(j矛n)琛屾脯(c猫)閲忔湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勯毃姗�(j墨)涓嶇⒑瀹氬害U娓�(c猫)銆傚洜姝わ紝鎳�(y墨ng)閲囧彇浠ヤ笅閫氱敤鍏紡鍒ゆ柗妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)娓�(c猫)閲忓�艰垏妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍊间箣闁撳瓨鍦ㄩ’钁楀亸宸細
s浠ｈ〃妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍋忓樊锛宯浠ｈ〃閲嶅京(f霉)娆℃暩(sh霉)锛� t鍊煎彲鏍规摎(j霉)n鍜岀疆淇℃鐜囨按骞虫煡 琛ㄥ緱鍒般�傛澶栵紝瑕佹敞鎰忓湪娓�(c猫)閲忔浠堕仈(d谩)鍒扮┅(w臎n)瀹氬悗浣跨敤妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛屽惁鍓囨渻(hu矛)灏�(d菐o)鑷撮尟(cu貌)瑾ょ殑绲�(ji茅)璜栥��
鍏�佺偤浠�涔堜竴瀹氳鎸夌収璀夋浉(sh奴)涓(gu墨)瀹氱殑姊濅欢浣跨敤鍜屼繚瀛樻(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛�
妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)璀夋浉(sh奴)涓(gu墨)瀹氱殑浣跨敤鍜屼繚瀛樻浠舵槸纰轰繚鐨勫繀瑕佹浠躲�傛(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勪繚瀛樻浠舵槸鍦ㄧ┅(w臎n)瀹氭�х爺绌朵腑纰哄畾鐨勶紝鑰屾(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勪娇鐢ㄦ浠讹紝濡傛韩搴︺�侀厤鍒舵柟娉曘�佸共鐕ユ柟娉曘�佹按鍒嗘牎姝ｆ柟娉曘�佹贩鍕绘柟娉曠瓑锛屽墖鏄(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)瀹氬�奸亷(gu貌)绋嬪毚(y谩n)鏍肩⒑瀹氬拰閬靛畧鐨勶紝涓嶆寜鐓ц(gu墨)瀹氫娇鐢ㄥ拰淇濆瓨鏈�(hu矛)灏�(d菐o)鑷存(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勯噺鍊间笉鍐嶆湁鏁堬紝娓�(c猫)閲忕祼(ji茅)鏋滆垏妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍊肩浉姣旇純鍑虹従(xi脿n)鍋忓樊銆�
涔濄�佹牎婧�(zh菙n)鐢ㄦ(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勭█閲嬪拰浣跨敤閬�(gu貌)绋嬩腑鎳�(y墨ng)娉ㄦ剰浠�涔堝晱(w猫n)椤岋紵
鐢ㄦ埗璩�(g貌u)璨峰埌鐨勬牎婧�(zh菙n)鐢ㄦ(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)甯稿父婵冨害杓冮珮锛屼笉鑳界洿鎺ヤ娇鐢紝鎳�(y墨ng)鍋氬ソ閫欎簺閬�(gu貌)绋嬬殑璩�(zh矛)閲忔帶鍒躲�傛(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)绋�閲嬮厤鍒堕亷(gu貌)绋嬩腑鎵�浣跨敤鐨勫鍣ㄨ垏绋�閲嬪姂闇�瑕佸紩璧锋敞鎰忋�傛湁浜涚墿璩�(zh矛)鐢ㄧ幓鐠冪摱瀛樺劜(ch菙)鏅�(sh铆)锛屽鏄撳彈闄嶈В鎴栨憾鍑哄奖闊匡紝閫欐檪(sh铆)灏辫浣跨敤鍏跺畠鏉愭枡鐨勭摱瀛愶紝濡侹銆丯a绛夊厓绱犳憾娑叉(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛岄渶閲囩敤濉戞枡鐡朵繚瀛橈紱鏈変簺鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢ㄥ鏂欑摱瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍓囨渻(hu矛)鐧�(f膩)鐢熷惛闄勬垨婧跺嚭锛屽姹烇紝鍦ㄥ鏂欑摱涓彲鑳芥渻(hu矛)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷惛闄勭従(xi脿n)璞★紝鍥犳閬告搰鐜荤拑鐡惰純鐐哄彲闈犮�傛墍閲囩敤鐨勭█閲嬪姂闄や簡鎳�(y墨ng)灏�(du矛)绌虹櫧閫�(j矛n)琛屽繀瑕佺殑鎺у埗澶栵紝涓嶅悓鐨勭█閲嬪姂鍏剁┅(w臎n)瀹氭晥鏋滀篃涓嶅悓锛屽師鍓囦笂鎳�(y墨ng)鎸夌収妾㈡脯(c猫)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鏂规硶涓(gu墨)瀹氱殑绋�閲嬪姂鍝佺ó鍙婃績搴﹂��(j矛n)琛岄厤鍒躲�傛(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)绋遍噺銆佺█閲嬮亷(gu貌)绋嬩腑浣跨敤鐨勮▓(j矛)閲忓櫒鍏凤紝濡傚ぉ骞炽�佺Щ娑插櫒銆佸閲忕摱绛夛紝鎳�(y墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鐢奉棥?zh菙n)鎴栨瀹氱⒑瑾�(r猫n)绗﹀悎绮惧害鍜屾簴(zh菙n)纰哄害瑕佹眰锛岀壒鍒ユ槸鏈夋(j墨)鍒嗘瀽涓娇鐢ㄧ殑寰噺娉ㄥ皠鍣ㄥ拰绉绘恫妲嶇殑瑾ゅ樊杓冨ぇ锛屾噳(y墨ng)娉ㄩ噸閫�(j矛n)琛屾棩甯告牎婧�(zh菙n)銆�
鍗併�佺ū閲忔(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鏅�(sh铆)濡備綍閫�(j矛n)琛屾诞鍔涙牎姝ｏ紵
鍦ㄤ竴浜涢渶瑕佹簴(zh菙n)纰虹ū閲忔(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勫牬(ch菐ng)鍚堬紝濡傝瓑鏇�(sh奴)涓壒鍒ヨ伈鏄庝簡闇�閲囩敤娴姏鏍℃鍏紡渚�(l谩i)瑷�(j矛)绠楁ǎ鍝佺殑璩�(zh矛)閲忥紝鍙噰鐢ㄤ笅寮忥細
浠ユ按婧舵恫妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐐轰緥锛屾诞鍔涙牎姝ｇ殑褰遍熆绱勭偤鍗冨垎涔嬩竴锛屽洜姝わ紝鏄惁鏍℃鍙栨焙浜庡皪(du矛)娓�(c猫)閲忔簴(zh菙n)纰哄害鐨勮姹傘��
鍗佷竴銆佹墦闁�(k膩i)鍚庣殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)濡備綍淇濆瓨鍜岄枊(k膩i)灞曢噺鍊兼牳椹�(y脿n)锛�
妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)璀夋浉(sh奴)涓湁鏅�(sh铆)鏈�(hu矛)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氣�滀竴娆℃�т娇鐢ㄢ�濓紝閫欎簺妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)涓�鑸笉绌�(w臎n)瀹氭垨鍏锋湁杓冮珮鐨勯噺鍊兼簴(zh菙n)纰哄害锛屽瀹夌摽鐡跺垎瑁濈殑鍦�(gu贸)瀹朵竴绱�(j铆)婧舵恫妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛屽湪鎵撻枊(k膩i)鍖呰鍚庨噺鍊兼槗鐧�(f膩)鐢熻秴鍑轰笉纰哄畾搴﹁寖鍦嶇殑璁婂寲锛屾噳(y墨ng)鎸夌収瑕佹眰鐩″揩绉诲彇锛屼笉鑳界暀瀛樺悗鍙嶅京(f霉)浣跨敤銆傚彲涓�娆℃�у埗鍌欐垚涓枔妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍎�(ch菙)鍌欐憾娑蹭繚瀛樸�佷娇鐢ㄣ�� 灏�(du矛)浜庡彲澶氭浣跨敤鐨勬湁璀夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛岀⒑淇濇(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍖呰鍠厓闁�(k膩i)灏佸悗鐨勬伆鐣�(d膩ng)淇濆瓨鍜屽寘瑁濄�佽瓑鏇�(sh奴)鐨勫畬鏁存�ч潪甯搁噸瑕侊紝鏌愪簺鎯呮硜涓嬶紝鏈夊繀瑕佹牴鎿�(j霉)璀夋浉(sh奴)瑕佹眰锛屽皪(du矛)鍓╀綑鐨勭墿璩�(zh矛)閫�(j矛n)琛岄噸鏂板瘑灏佸寘瑁濄�傚彇妯ｆ檪(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)閲囧彇闃叉娌炬薄鐨勬帾鏂姐�� 濡備綍鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄧ挵(hu谩n)绡�(ji茅)鍋氬ソ妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勯噺鍊兼帶鍒跺父甯告槸鐢ㄦ埗鍥版儜鐨勫晱(w猫n)椤屻�傛(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勯噺鍊兼帶鍒舵噳(y墨ng)鍒嗕互涓嬫儏娉佸埗瀹氬叿楂旂殑鎺柦锛氾紙1锛夊皪(du矛)浜庢湁璀夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛屽彧瑕佹寜鐓ф(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)璀夋浉(sh奴)涓婃墍瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑姊濅欢鍜屾柟娉曚繚瀛橈紝骞跺湪鏈夋晥鏈熷収(n猫i)浣跨敤锛岄噺鍊兼槸鏈変繚闅滅殑锛岄�欓妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勬牳鏌ユ噳(y墨ng)绨�(ji菐n)鍖栫偤妾㈡煡鍖呰銆佹(bi膩o)绨藉強璀夋浉(sh奴)鐨勫畬濂芥�с�佹湁鏁堟湡銆佷繚瀛樻浠剁瓑锛涘鏋滄槸闁�(k膩i)灏佸悗鍙娆′娇鐢ㄧ殑鏈夎瓑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛岄櫎浜嗕笂杩版牳鏌ュ锛屽(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)鍒跺畾鐩告噳(y墨ng)鐨勬枃浠惰(gu墨)鑼冨叾鍚庣簩(x霉)浣跨敤鍜岀鐞嗭紝瀹氭湡妾㈡煡鍏朵娇鐢ㄧ殑鎯呮硜锛屽繀瑕佹檪(sh铆)鑸囧彟涓�鏈枊(k膩i)灏佸柈鍏冩垨鎵规鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)閫氶亷(gu貌)姣斿皪(du矛)閫�(j矛n)琛岄噺鍊兼牳椹�(y脿n)锛涳紙2锛夊皪(du矛)浜庡収(n猫i)閮ㄦ(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鎴�?q奴)宥�?y脿n)瀹ょ敱鏈夎瓑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍒跺倷鐨勬牎婧�(zh菙n)婧舵恫绛夛紝鐢变簬娌�(m茅i)鏈夊厖鍒嗙殑鍧囧嫽鎬у拰绌�(w臎n)瀹氭�ф暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)锛屽毚(y谩n)鏍肩殑閲忓�兼帶鍒舵槸闈炲父蹇呰鐨勶紝鍙噰鍙栫殑鏂瑰紡瑕栧(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鍜屾妧琛�(sh霉)姊濅欢闈堟椿鎺屾彙锛屽鍒╃敤璩�(zh矛)閲忔帶鍒跺湒閫�(j矛n)琛岃定鍕�(sh矛)妾㈡煡銆侀�氶亷(gu貌)涓婁笅鎵规(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)閲忓�兼瘮灏�(du矛)鎴�?q奴)宥�?y脿n)瀹ら枔姣斿皪(du矛)椹�(y脿n)璀夐噺鍊肩殑婧�(zh菙n)纰烘�х瓑銆傛澶栨牳鏌ョ殑闋绘瑕佹牴鎿�(j霉)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)鍒跺畾锛岀┅(w臎n)瀹氭�ч爯(y霉)鏈熻壇濂界殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍙浉灏�(du矛)鏀惧鏍告煡鐨勬檪(sh铆)闁撻枔闅斻��
